Jews and Jewish Life in Russia and the Soviet Union by Yaacov Ro'i

Author:Yaacov Ro'i [Ro'i, Yaacov]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9780714641492
Barnesnoble:
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Published: 1995-01-01T00:00:00+00:00

NOTES

1.

Cited in James E. Young, ‘Interpreting Literary Testimony: A Preface to Rereading Holocaust Diaries and Memoirs’, New Literary History 18, 2 (Winter 1987) For a judicious review of the peculiar relationship between art and horror, see Lawrence L. Langer, The Holocaust and the Literary Imagination (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1975).

The opening of two Holocaust museums in the United States in 1993 — the Wiesenthal Center’s Museum of Tolerance in Los Angeles on 8 Feb. and the US Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington, DC, on 22 April — has helped focus the debate over the ways in which the memory should be preserved and the lessons learned. See Herbert Muschamp, ‘Shaping a Monument to Memory’, New York Times, 11 April 1993; Yossi Klein Halevi, ‘Who Owns the Memory’, Jerusalem Report, 25 Feb. 1993.

2.

Unpublished correspondence The author is grateful to Ekaterina Vasil’evna Zabolotskaia for making this correspondence available. The original copies, which she deposited in the Central State Archive for Literature (Tsentral’nyi Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv literatury i iskusstv — TsGALI), have been closed to researchers by Grossman’s stepson Fedor Guber

3.

Znamia, 7–8,1943.

4.

This author has not seen either Grossman’s original Russian (which may no longer exist) or the published Eynikeit version (25 Nov. and 2 Dec. 1943), but ‘Ukraina bez evreev’ — retranslated back into Russian — is included by Shimon Markish in his Vasilii Grossman: Na evreiskie temy (Jerusalem: Biblioteka-Alia, 1985), II, 333–40.

It is possible that Grossman had originally intended the material in ‘Ukraina bez evreev’ to be part of his long article ‘Ukraina’, published in Krasnaia zvezda, 12 Oct. 1943 The original version of ‘Ukraina’ excludes the ending that appeared in a collection of Grossman’s wartime writings, Gody voiny (Moscow, 1945), which was translated into English as The Years of War, 1941–1945 (Moscow, 1946). This later version ends with the statement of refugees from Kiev that the Germans had massacred 50,000 Jews at Babii Iar in Sept. 1941 (the actual number of victims was in fact much higher) and that they were now frantically digging up the corpses and burning them in an effort to conceal the evidence of their crime.

5.

In the United States, B’nai B’rith has coordinated a national project to have volunteers read aloud the names of victims. The project is entitled ‘Unto Every Person There Is a Name’ The reading takes place on Holocaust Memorial Day. In 1993 names were read in 120 communities, including the steps of the Capitol in Washington, DC. The reading occupies volunteers for the entire day. However long the list, B’nai B’rith admits that their record is still incomplete, for the names of all the victims are still a mystery, just as the exact number of victims can only be rounded off to the nearest tens of thousands. See ‘Victims Recalled’ in New York Times, 10 April 1993.

6.

Grossman’s ‘Treblinskii ad’, Znatnia 11 (1944) was the first documentary account of a death camp to attract attention not only in the Soviet Union, but further a field; it was translated and used at the Nuremberg Trials of leading Nazi war criminals.

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